运动和性能营养实验室已迅速发展成为一个设备齐全的教学和研究实验室. EPNL提供了许多不同形式的技术,作为正在进行的研究的一部分,也作为运动科学项目课程的一部分. 以下提供的信息概述了可供学生使用的设备和相关技术,这些设备和技术可以纳入各种研究和合作伙伴关系.
有氧能力
测量有氧能力通常被称为VO2 评估. This form of 评估 is considered the gold standard to determine one’s level of aerobic fitness. Aerobic capacity is measured in the EPNL using a metabolic cart, 通常是在受试者走路的时候, 慢跑和骑自行车. 进一步评估健康状况, EPNL的研究人员可以收集血液样本来测量能量代谢标志物的变化,也可以在参与者的胸部贴上电极来评估他们的心脏功能.
无氧容量(Wingate)
Anaerobic exercise is characterized as any form of exercise that is fast, 快速, 爆炸性和非常高的强度. Measuring anaerobic capacity gives researchers an idea of one’s capacity to perform this type of exercise. Many types of exercise testing may be used to assess one’s capacity to perform anaerobic exercise. Within the EPNL, anaerobic capacity is commonly assessed using the Wingate test. 这项基于循环的测试持续时间为30秒,要求参与者尽可能快地踩踏板,以对抗与他们体重标准化的阻力. 根据这次测试的结果, peak and average power production and how 快速ly someone fatigues can all be assessed.
生物化学功能
EPNL还拥有一个小型生物化学实验室,能够处理和储存几乎任何生物标本. 配备多台离心机, 分光光度计, 超低温冷冻机, 移液器和其他设备, the EPNL research team routinely collects and 过程es samples prior to analysis for various target biomarkers.
While the analytical capabilities of the EPNL are rapidly expanding, the lab currently has equipment to assess changes in various metabolites such as glucose and lactate, 血红蛋白和红细胞压积, 激素,比如生长激素, 胰岛素和睾酮, 细胞因子, 以及其他细胞靶标. With valuable partnerships established within our research network, EPNL可以收集, 过程, 储存和分析几乎任何重要的生物标志物,通常用作运动和营养研究的一部分.
Biospecimen集合
The sampling of various tissues is a common feature of research studies completed in the EPNL. 用手指棒取样血液中葡萄糖的变化, 糖化血红蛋白, cholesterol and lactate are all easy to complete and easy to assess. 许多研究要求静脉血的采样使用单棒静脉穿刺或多次采样技术涉及放置导管. 另外, sampling of urine can be used to assess protein metabolism or the retention of various nutrients. 最后, researchers in the EPNL are also trained and equipped to sample skeletal muscle, 通常是从大腿开始, 作为各种研究技术的一部分.
身体成分评估
双能x射线吸收仪
来评估脂肪的变化, fat-free and bone tissues as part of various exercise and nutritional 评估s and interventions, EPNL有一个Hologic QDR Discovery a DEXA. This piece of equipment uses x-rays to scan the entire body and measures the amount of bone, 手臂上的肌肉和脂肪, 腿和躯干. 除了身体成分评估, this device can also be used to measure bone density in the spine, 髋部和前臂. Below are pictures of the DEXA in use as well as short video.
生物电阻抗谱(BIS)
评估脂肪量的变化, 不含脂肪的质量, 肌肉, 身体的水, an Impedimed SFB7 bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy device is used by the EPNL. 这种设备在测试前需要适当的水合作用,并通过与人的手和脚接触的电极传递低电平电流.
This signal is able to accurately and reliability compute an individual’s body mass, 身体成分, 身体的水 while appropriately tracking changes across time. 我们通常使用这个设备作为我们社区测试和讲座研讨会以及我们的研究研究的一部分. It takes approximately 10 minutes to prepare for the test and 5 minutes to complete.生物电阻抗分析(BIA)
评估瘦体重的变化, 脂肪量, 体内总水量, 使用InBody 570生物电阻抗分析仪(BIA)作为评估身体成分的非侵入性技术. BIA测量身体组织对通过身体的电流的阻抗或阻力. 它可以用来跟踪身体成分随时间的变化,并评估减肥或运动干预的有效性. The InBody 570 is a safe and easy-to-use tool for assessing 身体成分, and it is commonly used in both clinical and research settings.
心血管评估
The EPNL has several ways to assess cardiovascular attributes. EPNL的学生和研究人员可以使用12导联心电图来评估休息时的心脏功能和对各种形式运动的反应. 除了, EPNL能够使用几种类型的心率监测器评估心率对运动的反应以及24小时内的心率变异性. 这些设备经常作为教学和研究协议的一部分使用,以适当地测量运动和其他研究干预措施对心脏功能的影响.
认知评估
We use various cognitive tests in the EPNL to assess cognitive function in research studies. 这些测试包括NIH工具箱认知电池, Stroop颜色单词测试, 还有造径测试等等. The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery is a comprehensive set of tests designed to evaluate cognitive abilities, 包括注意, 工作记忆, 处理速度, 以及执行功能. Stroop Color Word Test是评估认知灵活性和抑制控制的经典测试,而Trail Making Tests a和B则评估视觉-运动速度和任务转换能力. 我们的实验室也有Dynavision D2, 一个有64个3D目标的交互式光板, that can be used to assess and train various aspects of cognition 以及执行功能, 包括反应时间和决策能力.
These tests can be used to assess cognitive function in research studies, 临床的设置, 教育环境. They can help to identify cognitive deficits and track changes in cognitive function over time. Through the application of cognitive tests in our research studies, 我们深入了解了认知功能的潜在机制,并确定了增强认知健康的潜在干预措施. 整体, cognitive testing is an important tool for understanding cognitive function and promoting healthy aging.
能量消耗 & 新陈代谢
对于EPNL完成的许多研究来说,评估静息代谢的变化以及在运动过程中燃烧了多少卡路里是极其重要的措施. 为了衡量这些结果, EPNL有两个ParvoMedics代谢车(如下图所示),能够量化运动和休息时的能量消耗. EPNL的研究人员发表的许多研究都评估了整个运动季节中静息代谢的变化和差异, 不同类型运动员之间以及对运动和营养干预的反应在最近完成的研究中.
粪便收集和微生物组分析
EPNL的工作人员还接受了收集和保存新收集的粪便样本的培训,作为各种临床调查的一部分. Recent projects have included analysis including RNA Later preservation, OmniGene保存, 和Whatman论文评价. Samples are routinely sent to other laboratory shotgun metagonomics as well as metabolomic analysis.
肌肉健康(力量、力量和耐力)
The EPNL has several techniques that can be used to assess strength, power and endurance. 其中许多技术是作为课堂教学的一部分,并定期纳入学生和教师完成的研究项目中. The EPNL houses a large power rack that allows for determination of one-repetition maximum (1RM), 对一个人力量的直接衡量. 配合1RM测量, EPNL经常使用TENDO功率分析仪,该分析仪有一个挂绳连接到杆的末端,用于测量在举重运动中杆的移动速度, which can be used to assess changes in power and speed development.
除了1RM, EPNL有一个Biodex等速测力仪,允许学生和研究人员评估静态和动态力和功率产生(见视频)。, 疲劳在各个肌肉中发展的速度和关节上任何肌肉不平衡的存在.
最后, EPNL具有可与计算机连接的载荷传感器,可作为等距评估的一部分来测量强度. 这些设备提供的速度非常快, reliable and sensitive 评估 of force production in a format that is 100% portable. This allows EPNL team members to collect high-quality strength data outside of the laboratory.
肺功能检查/肺量测定
肺功能评估是用于检测各种呼吸系统疾病(如COPD和哮喘)的重要参数. 除了在实践实验课上使用外, 这些技术是研究的一部分,用于评估休息时和剧烈运动后的肺功能.
超声波
超声波 muscle morphology is a method used to evaluate the structure and composition of muscles in the body. This technique captures high-quality images of targeted muscles and evaluates features such as muscle thickness, 夹角(肌纤维夹角), 肌肉纤维的长度. 测试前, it is recommended to allow for 5 minutes of rest to ensure proper redistribution of bodily fluids. This technique is useful for identifying muscle abnormalities, 监控随时间的变化, 评估运动干预的有效性. 超声波 muscle morphology is a non-invasive and reliable tool for assessing muscle health and function, making it a valuable addition to both lecture seminars and research studies.